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General Properties of Acids and Bases What are Acids and Bases? Acids are chemical substances which are characterized by a sour taste in an aqueous medium. They have the tendency to turn blue litmus red. On the other hand, bases are chemical substances which are characterized by a bitter taste and are slippery to the touch. Some bases are soluble in water while others are not. Water soluble bases are known as alkalis. They have the tendency to turn red litmus blue. Acids and bases react with a wide range of chemical compounds to form salts. Some chemical reactions of acids and bases are: Physical Properties of Acids and Bases The physical properties of acids and bases are listed in the table below. Properties Acids Bases Colour Mineral acids are colourless liquids but sometimes sulphuric acid becomes yellow due to impurities. Some organic acids are white coloured solids. Examples: benzoic acid Bases are colourless except the hydroxides of iron and copper. Taste Sour Bitter Touch –